How and why are kidney stones formed?
Kidney stones, commonly known as kidney stones , develop when there is an excess of certain components in the urine. These components include minerals such as calcium, cystine, oxalate, phosphate, and uric acid. Each of these elements can contribute to the formation of small crystalline structures that, over time, grow and become kidney stones.
Dehydration: the main risk factor
One of the main factors that promotes the formation of kidney stones is dehydration . When the body is dehydrated, urine becomes concentrated, which means there is a greater chance that minerals will start to form crystals. If the stone is small, it may pass naturally without the person realizing it. However, larger stones can cause intense pain by blocking the ureter, leading to what is known as renal colic .
Pain and associated complications
The pain associated with kidney stones is often some of the most severe a person can experience. Many describe this pain as stabbing and sharp, felt in the lower back and may radiate into the abdomen. In addition to pain, stones can also cause other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and in some cases, urinary tract infections.
Can kidney stones be prevented?
Prevention is key when it comes to avoiding kidney stones. Adequate hydration is essential to keep urine diluted and reduce the risk of stone formation. It is recommended to drink at least 2 liters of water a day , although this amount may vary depending on physical activity and weather conditions. In addition, diet should be taken into account, avoiding excess sodium and oxalate-rich foods, as well as balancing calcium intake.
Available treatments
While prevention is key, there are treatments available for those who already have kidney stones. These treatments can range from using medications to help break down the stones to more invasive procedures such as lithotripsy , which uses shock waves to break up the stones into smaller, more manageable fragments. Occasionally, surgery may be necessary to remove large stones.
It is important to note that certain herbal and folk remedies, such as Palo Azul tea or the plant known as horsetail , have not been shown to be effective in dissolving kidney stones. While some people may seek out natural alternatives, it is essential to consult a health care professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment.
Kidney stone formation is a common health problem that can cause significant pain and complications for those who suffer from it. The main recommendation is to stay well hydrated , which can significantly decrease the risk of stone formation. If you have already experienced kidney colic or have a history of stones, it is crucial to follow a prevention and treatment plan under the supervision of a doctor. Don't underestimate the importance of drinking water: it is one of the simplest and most effective keys to avoiding kidney problems in the future.
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